Author Archives: Bug Woman

Thursday Poem – The Sparrow by Paul Laurence Dunbar

Dear Readers, I have been sitting at my desk watching sparrow after sparrow land on the windowsill and then fly off at speed. I have no idea what they’re up to, but my curiosity is definitely piqued. I suspect it’s two adult birds and their youngsters, and they seem to have a great deal of interest in the gutters, where maybe some tasty morsels lurk.

So, I decided to see what poems people had written about sparrows, and came across the one below, by Paul Laurence Dunbar. He lived from 1872 to 1906, and was one of the first recognised African American poets. He never went to college, and worked at various times as an elevator operator, and at the World’s Fair. He was befriended by Frederick Douglass, who called him ‘the most promising young coloured man in America’. In his spare time, Dunbar read the work of the Romantic poets, and you can see the influence in his poem below.

Dunbar died, from tuberculosis, aged thirty-three.

The Sparrow
Paul Laurence Dunbar 
1872 –
1906

A little bird, with plumage brown,
Beside my window flutters down,
A moment chirps its little strain,
Ten taps upon my window–pane,
And chirps again, and hops along,
To call my notice to its song;
But I work on, nor heed its lay,
Till, in neglect, it flies away.

So birds of peace and hope and love
Come fluttering earthward from above,
To settle on life’s window–sills,
And ease our load of earthly ills;
But we, in traffic’s rush and din
Too deep engaged to let them in,
With deadened heart and sense plod on,
Nor know our loss till they are gone.

Wednesday Weed – Perforate St John’s-wort

Perforate St John's-wort (Hypericum perforatum)

Perforate St John’s-wort (Hypericum perforatum)

Dear Readers, my piece about buzz pollination and the Hypericum next door reminded me of the day that I found some St John’s Wort in the car park at East Finchley Station. I was still a plant novice (well, I still am but have a few more species under my belt now), and I was so excited to see this specimen. Clearly, I need to get out on a plant hunt more often – I’ve only seen a fraction of the plants that exist in the UK. 

As you may know, St John’s-wort is said to be able to ameliorate depression. I loved this poem, by Séan Hewitt. See what you think.

And now, let’s see what I wrote about this ‘Wednesday Weed’ back in 2015.

Dear Readers, last week I was exploring the car park at East Finchley tube station when I came across a plant that was entirely new to me – Perforate St John’s-wort. My copy of Harrap’s Wild Flowers describes it as ‘abundant, and by far the commonest St John’s-wort’. This may be so, but it’s fair to say that it’s a retiring and delicate plant, easily overshadowed by the more assertive ‘weeds’ that grow in the same habitat. It is easy to see that it’s a member of the same family as Rose of Sharon and Tutsan – it has five petals, a shaving-brush of stamen, and that butter-yellow colour that is so characteristic of the family. If you break a flower-bud, a reddish-purple liquid is produced.

IMG_4919But why on earth is it called ‘Perforate’? If we look closely at the leaves, we can see that they are covered in tiny translucent ‘windows’. These are resin glands, and are said to be responsible for the ‘foxy’ smell of the species, though I was not inclined to molest the small number of plants that I discovered to find out.

IMG_4935 (2)

By Matt Flavin https://www.flickr.com/photos/plant_diversity/5259021048 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/

A great shot of the translucent spots from underneath – photo credit below.

Although this is a new plant to me, it is a native of Europe and Asia and has a long history of interaction with humans. Richard Mabey (in Flora Britannica) describes how, since prehistoric times, this plant was burned on the Midsummer Day Fires that were set all over the country. It was believed that these fires would purify communities and crops, and Perforate St. John’s-wort was one of the ‘sun-herbs’ which were thrown into the fire, probably because its yellow colour was thought to strengthen the power of the sun, while the smoke from the fires protected the fields against more malevolent summer manifestations, such as drought and wildfires.

Another story, attributed to the peoples of both the Isle of Man and the Isle of Wight is that if you accidentally stood on Perforate St-John’s-wort at night, you would promptly be carried off on a fairy horse from which you could not dismount until sunrise. By then, you could be anywhere, and would need to find your own way home. I find this such a delightful idea that I was almost tempted to creep back to the car park at dead of night with a thermos flask, some sandwiches and an Oyster card, just to see what would happen.

IMG_4927Later, as has so often been the case, the plant was absorbed by Christianity – the Feast of St John the Baptist is on June 24th, and so this pagan plant was renamed as a Christian one. The genus name Hypericum is supposedly derived from the Greek words Hyper (above) and eikon (holy picture), to describe the way that the plants were hung above icons on St. John’s day to protect the house against the evil eye. In a combination of the pagan and Christian uses of the plant, the flower-buds were gathered on 24th June, crushed and steeped in olive-oil, to produce a blood-red liquid that was called ‘Blood of Christ’ and was used for anointing.

IMG_4925The reason that most of us have heard of St John’s-wort, however, is because of its use as an anti-depressant. Reviews of the use of the plant have regularly indicated that it is more effective than a placebo for patients with major depression, as useful as standard anti-depressants in mild to moderate depression, and that it has fewer side-effects. It should be noted, however, that the studies performed in German-speaking countries (where herbal medicine is an accepted part of many treatment regimes)  returned much more positive results than those conducted in the US (where there is more reliance on synthetic medicines) (for more details see here). There is no doubt that this is a medicinally active and potent plant, and should therefore (as with all plant remedies) be treated with respect – it decreases the levels of oestrogen in the body by speeding up the rate with which the hormone is metabolised, and so may decrease the efficacy of the contraceptive pill. It may cause photosensitivity, and is also associated with aggravating psychosis and mania in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. I do note, however, that all these are also potential side-effects of many standard anti-depressants. I suspect that the main danger of this plant is using it alongside conventional anti-depressant drugs, and hence doubling up the dose of psychoactive chemicals. It also interacts with many other medications, including statins and HIV treatment protocols. Even so, it is given several pages on the website of Mind, the main UK mental health charity, and many people swear that using Perforate St John’s-wort has given them relief from the symptoms of anxiety and depression. So much power in a plant discovered at the back of a car park in North London!

By Prof. Dr. Thomé, Otto Wilhelm (www.biolib.de) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Photo credit below.

As with so many plants that I have discovered through The Wednesday Weed, Perforate St John’s-wort has proved to be a problem in countries to which it is not native, especially Australia and the US. It is poisonous to grazing livestock if ingested in large quantities (indeed in Russia it is known as Zveroboi, or ‘beast-killer’), and some of the side-effects suffered by humans, such as photosensitivity and mania, are exhibited in animals unfortunate enough to have dined extensively on the plant. It is said that one of the effects of the plant is to make the suffering animal run in circles, resulting in strange ‘crop-circles’. The poisoned animal may be terrified of water, or may become so obsessed with it that it drowns. Fortunately, in places in which it is native it is unusual to see Perforate St.John’s-wort growing in anything like the quantities needed to cause these effects, but see the photo below of the plant growing in Australia for an idea of how densely-packed it can become.

By Peripitus (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons

Perforate St. John’s-wort in Belair National Park, Australia. Photo credit below

What a remarkable plant this is. Its chemical composition means that it can both cure and poison, relieve distress and cause suffering. Of all the plants that I’ve featured on The Wednesday Weed, it is the one that has given me the most pause for thought. Modern Western society largely despises the healing power of plants, and is disrespectful of their undoubted power to heal or harm. In many places in the world, only a manufactured drug is considered efficacious, even though it may be originally derived from plants. Thank goodness for the people all over the world who are curious and knowledgeable about their botanical heritage, and who are working to preserve this priceless information for generations to come. Now, we just need to make sure that we also preserve the plants themselves.

Photo Credits

Perforated Leaves – By Matt Flavin https://www.flickr.com/photos/plant_diversity/5259021048 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/

Illustration of Perforate St John’s-wort – By Prof. Dr. Thomé, Otto Wilhelm (www.biolib.de) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Field of Perforate St.John’s-wort in Australia – By Peripitus (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons

All other photos copyright Vivienne Palmer

Resources

Flora Britannica by Richard Mabey

The Plant Lives website curated by Sue Eland

A Bit of a Buzz

Dear Readers, my neighbours have the most wonderful yellow shrub in their front garden – it’s some form of Hypericum (St John’s Wort), probably Hypericum x hidcoteense, and is closely related to our native Tutsan. But what stopped me in my tracks this morning was the high-pitched sound of bees buzz-pollinating, or using sonication, to loosen the pollen.

Flowers of the Hypericum family contain not a bit of nectar, but they do have copious amounts of pollen, and at this time of year bumblebee colonies have lots of little mouths to feed, so they want all the pollen they can get. Pollen is a source of protein and fat, and furthermore, not every bee can buzz pollinate – honeybees can’t, most solitary bees can’t, but bumblebees generally can.

I’ve written about buzz pollination before, and food plants in the Solanaceae family, such as potatoes, aubergines and, most crucially, tomatoes, all need to be buzz-pollinated. There are no native bumblebees in Australia, and so there was nothing to pollinate the greenhouse crops, except for poor immigrant workers clutching vibrators who had to ‘buzz’ each flower in turn. Bumblebees were imported, but there was a lot of fear that, if they got loose, non-native plants that currently weren’t a problem could end up being able to reproduce once their pollinator arrived. Research is currently going on to see if the native blue-banded bee, which apparently can buzz-pollinate, could be bred in sufficient numbers to pollinate Australia’s tomatoes. However, the article that I read was written in 2006, and no sign of a bee takeover yet.

Why do some plants need buzz pollination, though? The anthers, which produce the pollen, have a particular shape – they are described as ‘poricidal’, and either have a hole in the top (like a salt pot), or lots of slits in the side (like a pepper pot). The vibration of the bee shakes loose the pollen, which the bee can then comb through into its pollen baskets. This particular relationship between bee and plant means that only insects who can access the pollen will visit the plant – this reduces competition for the bee, and increases efficiency for the plant.

Here’s a little film of a bumblebee on the Hypericum. You can see the amount of effort that goes into accessing the pollen, though sadly not hear the buzzing due to all the background noise. Sigh.

Bumblebees don’t have to buzz pollinate either – the bees on the Hypericum will move happily to the lavender to access nectar and pollen, and seem to know that they don’t need to buzz pollinate. What remarkable creatures they are! It’s well worth stopping to watch them at work. I guarantee they’ll be up to something interesting.

Getting Ready for East Finchley Festival

Dear Readers, I’m the treasurer for Friends of Coldfall Wood and Muswell Hill Playing Fields, and for the second year running  I’ve planted up some wildflower window boxes for our raffle at East Finchley Festival. They were very popular last year, and this year we have a great selection of plants – everything from knapweed to scabious via harebells and primroses and cranesbill. It might help a bit if the labels hadn’t dropped off, but in a couple of weeks a lot of them will be in flower and I might be better able to work out what’s what.

The garden has gone berserk, as it often does at this time of year – we’ve had lots of rain after a very dry couple of weeks. It rained so much yesterday that when my husband opened the shed door, he discovered a fox curled up on one of the shelves. I’m not sure who was more surprised, but fortunately the fox was able to make a quick exit (some of the side panels are missing so the shed is basically more like a pergola). The baby sparrows are still taking advantage of all the plant life to look for caterpillars, and in short the whole place has been reclaimed by nature when my back was turned.

Two jackdaws just shot past the window. They’re definitely keeping their eyes open for any opportunity for a quick meal at the moment, and probably have youngsters to feed themselves.

I have treated myself to some betony and some annual echium – I’m still on the hunt for a biennial echium though, one of those with the six-foot tall flower stems. But although the lavender is in full flower, I’m not seeing many/any honeybees. It could be that someone local who normally has hives is having a bad year, or has given up beekeeping, but it still does seem rather odd. I shall have to put my antennae out and see if anyone knows anything.

 

And so, a pleasant Sunday morning passes, without any revision to do, or any exams to worry about. But do you know, I rather miss it?

New Scientist – Companion Planting – Does it Work?

Photograph (1) © Copyright Jonathan Billinger and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons Licence.

Dear Readers, I have always loved marigolds, with their cheerful faces,  tolerance of nearly every kind of soil and weather condition and habit of popping up unexpectedly all over the garden. But I have always wondered if the story about companion planting was true. This week in New Scientist, botanist James Wong took a look at the research, and very interesting it was too.

Planting marigolds next to tomatoes definitely did have an impact on nematodes and whitefly: Wong points out that this isn’t surprising, as the volatile chemicals in marigolds (notably one called limonine, which gives lemon balm and citrus fruits their scent) help to protect the plants themselves from pests. Most of the experiments used French marigolds,

Further experiments showed that plants which contained these volatile chemicals, such as basil, reduced whitefly infestation, while other plants, such as mustard, did not. In one whitefly experiment, whitefly infestation was reduced by almost 69%, so well worth trying, I’d have thought.

However, companion planting did not necessarily increase yields – it very much dependent on which ‘companions’ were chosen. When mint was used, tomato cropping actually dropped – this is probably due to mint’s vigorous nature, meaning that it competed with the tomatoes for nutrition, water and even light. I’m very fond of mint, but it can be a little devil, so choose your ‘friends’ carefully!

And finally, Wong found that the scientific studies showed no improvement in the taste of tomatoes at all – not in taste-tests, and not in objective criteria like sweetness or acidity either. So the main reason for companion planting is its demonstrable ability to reduce infestation by pests like whitefly. And, if I was growing tomatoes, that would be good enough for me!

The Power of Flowers – A Difficult Time Remembered

Dear Readers, having written about the way that flowers spark memories yesterday reminded me of this piece, about Dad and Mum and their love of roses. It was written in October 2018. A weeks after this Mum and Dad did, indeed, go into a Nursing Home. Mum died in December 2018, but Dad settled in and lived on until March 2020 when he, too, passed away. He was genuinely happy in the home, so at least that worked. For anyone out there who is currently going through something like this, my heart goes out to you. 

The roses are still going strong around Mum and Dad’s bungalow, lovingly cherished by the family who now live there. 

Dear Readers, my Dad has always grown roses. They seemed to love the heavy clay soil of London, and all that was needed was some pruning and a bucket of horse manure, and off they went. It has been a little more difficult in the light soil of Dorset, but there are fifteen varieties in flower around Mum and Dad’s bungalow. There is the heavy-headed ivory-pink  rose that Mum could see from the kitchen window, when she was able to stand long enough to do the washing up. There are the standard roses, one cerise, one velvet-red, that Dad’s sisters bought for their diamond wedding anniversary. There are blue-grey roses and yellow roses, and an apricot one that doesn’t have many flowers, but makes up for it in the perfection of those petals.

Hidden in the garden are fairies and fawns and meerkats, all peeking up through the undergrowth. There is a model of St Francis of Assisi who often has a live robin perched on his head. The twelve-foot high beech hedge is a-twitter with sparrows, and a blackbird nests there.

This week I went gathering roses in the rain. I found some blooms on the ivory rose that weren’t yet speckled pink from the rain. The red rose was bowed down, the edges of some of the petals dry and crinkled like the pages of an old book. A yellow rose disintegrated as soon as I touched it. I cut the loveliest blooms in the garden, arranged them in a rose bowl and took them into the living room. I put them on the table next to Mum’s reclining chair.

‘Pretty’, she said, ‘But they smell too much, can you put them over there?

Mum has been smelling things that aren’t there – fish, burning, faeces. It’s strange how she never imagines honeysuckle or jasmine or freesia. And normal everyday smells, like a bunch of roses or a roasting chicken, are overwhelming to her. She came out of hospital, after seven weeks, a shadow of the woman who went in, and with a worsened pressure sore, a lot of physical weakness and much increased confusion. Hospital has had a bad effect on both Mum and Dad – after a two week stay, Dad’s dementia symptoms skyrocketed.

So much has been going on, but the general trend is downwards. Take last night, for example. Dad had a doctor’s appointment on Friday, and he was anxious about it, so he popped into my bedroom at 11 o’clock, 1 o’clock, 3 o’clock and 4 o’clock to ask me if it was time to go yet. Then at four o’clock Mum woke up and was extremely agitated. She wants to get out of bed, then she wants to get back in. She no longer remembers the layout of the house. She no longer remembers how to operate her reclining chair. Sometimes, she doesn’t quite remember where parts of her body were. I managed to hurt my back moving her over in the bed, and when she was solicitous of my pain I had to walk outside for a quick weep and to pull myself back together.

And this morning, dad’s chest is bad (he has COPD) and so he didn’t get to the doctor anyway. As I write this, he is back on the antibiotics and the steroids, and we’re praying that he doesn’t end up back in hospital.

And it is to counteract scenarios like this that I finally talked to the doctor, who advised that finding a nursing home for Mum and Dad was now the best option. In a nursing home they could keep Mum and Dad together, and endeavour to reduce the amount and duration of hospital visits that they required. Plus, they would be looked after properly, 24 hours a day.

I was sceptical at first. I visited one nursing home that had an artificial beach and a dedicated cinema room, and still didn’t feel that it was right for Mum and Dad. I ruled out many on the grounds of their CQC reports. It’s hard to find a home that will look after both people with dementia and who are physically frail, (though this could be a red herring since Mum has been less coherent since she came out of hospital). And then I visited a home in the centre of Dorchester, and as soon as I walked through the door I got the feeling that this was an open, friendly, person-centred place. I talked to the manager, and we clicked straight away. And, unusually, she had two rooms available.

Do you sometimes get a feeling that something is fate?

The reason that I was going to this home was because Mum and Dad’s GP had had a relative stay there until she died, and he had visited it frequently. It soon seemed that everyone had a good word to say for it – one of our lovely carers had worked there, the taxi driver’s partner still worked there, the district nurse had worked there. All of them reported back to Mum and Dad that it was a good place.

Dad went from ‘I don’t want to try that’ to ‘I don’t want to sell the bungalow for less than £300k’ in 24 hours. I’m not sure that Mum really understands what’s going on a lot of the time. But I honestly think that this is the best chance they have for a fourth act in their lives, a chance to have a wider circle of people to talk to and things to do. They have both agreed to give the home a go, and so we have an assessment happening next Tuesday. I hope and pray that it goes well, and that Mum and Dad are prepared to try it, because we are running out of choices.

Certainly I can’t go on the way I am at the moment. I had terrible chest pains that turned out to be nothing when investigated, but which scared me at the time. I am exhausted, and stressed, and not, I fear, the good and patient nursemaid that I was when all this started several years ago. Not enough is written about how caring for people long-term changes the whole nature of the relationship. To me, for much of the time,  Mum and Dad are not primarily my parents, but have become patients, a project to be managed. I  don’t have time to sit down and actually talk to them because I’m sorting out medications, doctors’ visits, transport to the hospital, the online grocery order, the army of carers and agencies. I would like to be able to spend some real time with Mum and Dad, to listen to them, to hear their stories while there is still time. I want to know them as people again, and I have gradually lost that in the slowly rising flood of other responsibilities.

I am travelling down again next week for the assessment meeting on Tuesday and if all goes well, Mum and Dad could possibly be ensconced by the end of the week. It’s all happening so quickly that I’m struggling to keep up but if something feels right, it seems appropriate to go with the flow. We won’t do anything hasty with the bungalow until we’re absolutely sure that Mum and Dad are happy (in spite of Dad’s encouragement to do otherwise). I recognise that it will be a big transition for Mum and Dad, and that there will be bumps along the way, but it feels like the right thing to do.

And I also have to deal with my own grief that things are changing. A way of life could be coming to an end for me, too. As I cut the roses and bury my face in those soft, fragrant petals, I realise that this might be the last time that I am able to fill a bowl with them. Mum and Dad have loved this bungalow, and especially the garden, and so have I. But if things work out, this garden will soon be someone else’s delight, and that’s as it should be. And I will have to let go of my role as primary carer and organiser, and to let someone else manage all that, and that will be hard too. But everything changes, in nature and in our lives, and so much suffering is caused by grimly hanging on when we could be letting go. There will be much sorrow during the next few weeks, I’m sure, but in my heart I feel the tentative growth of hope.

Still life with medications

Flowers For Remembering

Dear Readers, I was paying a visit to Sunshine Garden Centre today when I saw these starry petunias – the variety is known as ‘Night Sky’, or ‘Constellation’, or some such. I was immediately taken back to memories of Dad and his hanging baskets – he had six or seven dotted around the bungalow in Milborne St Andrew in Dorset, and every year he looked for something new. He was very chuffed when he spotted these stripy petunias…

…but the starry ones were very special. I found them online, and sent him some, and he was so delighted. At this point he was still using a step ladder to sort out the baskets every year, but as his health declined, a local woman came to help with planting the garden. She managed to rig up a pulley system so that Dad could bring the baskets down to a suitable height for watering, and so many an evening was spent toddling around the house with a milk bottle full of water (the watering can was too heavy at this point).

I really knew that things were no longer sustainable in the house when I arrived one day to find Dad almost in tears, the petunias in the baskets parched and dry. I watered them but it was too late. Dad made the best of it, and got the gardener to make up some containers near the door instead. But Dad hated that he couldn’t look out of the window and see the petunias.

When he went into the Nursing Home, one of his first ‘jobs’ was to plant up the hanging baskets in the tiny garden. He was ecstatic.

“At least I don’t have to water them!” he said. And yes, they were full of petunias.

And so, although they aren’t good for pollinators, I have a great fondness for petunias, in all their blousy glory. They seem to flower forever, and they bring such cheerfulness to anywhere that they’re planted. I just wish Dad could have seen the array of different cultivars in the garden centre today. He’d have been spoiled for choice.

And it got me wondering. Do you have any plants that remind you strongly of someone that you knew? I suspect that my experience is far from unique….

Thursday Poem – Love Song, 31st July by Richard Osmond

Well Readers, that’s the exam over and done with – I have a suspicion that I’ve done ok, but then I always to tend to compare what’s possible in a 3 hour exam with what I can do for an assessment, and the former always comes up feeling a bit thin. Never mind. Let’s wait for the results.

In the meantime, we have had a little bit of an ant invasion – they are clearly coming through a hole next to the washing machine. They then walk up the wall and send out search parties across the kitchen work surfaces, bless them. Today I will be sealing up the hole, but it does remind me of those ‘flying ant’ days, when all the queens go on their nuptial flights before spending the rest of their lives underground, laying egg after egg. Was that one glorious day worth all the days and nights in the dark, I wonder? As a child I was always entranced by the wings left in the gutter, scintillating like so many shards of glass.

I’ve written a bit about it here and I rather like the poem below. It’s not mid July yet but, for me, the summer starts now!

Love Song, 31st July by Richard Osmond

Today the queen ant and her lovers
took their nuptial flight, scattering
upwards like a handful of cracked
black peppercorns thrown in the face
of a bear, the bear being in this case
a simile for the population of Lewisham
and Hither Green.

There is an increasingly common assertion
online that the winged of every ant nest
in Britain take off on the same bright
morning. This says less about ants than it does
about the state of media in which we place
ourselves: connected enough to hear
and repeat all claims and verify some,
yet prone to confirmation bias
owing to algorithms which favour
new expressions of that which we already
hold to be true.

Myth moves in step with commerce.
When merchant ships arrived
once per season from the Orient
they brought silk and saffron and stories
of dog-sized ants which mined gold
and took to the sky only to defend
their treasure from camel-riding
thieves. Now we receive the exotic
via fibre optics as a stream of
high frequency trades.

My love, I can’t speak with authority
on commodity futures, the wonders of the east
and the behaviour of insects in Liverpool
and Tunbridge Wells or any city
outside my directly observable reality,
but it’s flying ant day in my heart
if nowhere else.

A Fork-Tailed Flower Bee

Dear Readers, you might remember that during a ten-minute break from my revision yesterday I noticed a most unusual bee on my lavender. And to my delight, it’s turned out to be a new species – a Fork-tailed Flower Bee (Anthophora furcata). I should have guessed from the yellow face that this might be related to my old favourite, the Hairy-footed Flower Bee (Anthophora plumipes).

There are a couple of unusual things about this little bee. Firstly, unlike the rest of her family, she is an aerial nester, which means that she’ll make tunnels in dead wood where she’ll lay and provision her eggs. In cases like this, the female eggs are laid first, at the deepest part of the twig or tunnel, with the males laid at the end, so that the boys will emerge first and be ready when the females come out. How the mother bee knows this is anybody’s guess. My bee is definitely a male, as they’re the only ones with the yellow face.

These bees have a great fondness for plants in the Lamium family (such as deadnettle and hedge woundwort), and are also often seen in wetlands, so although this bee is at the front of the house I am wondering if it’s the pond that’s encouraged him. Apparently the females have hairy faces, which they used in order to collect pollen, and in fact this is one of the few solitary bees that have been observed to buzz-pollinate – the bee ‘vibrates’ in order to persuade the plant to release its pollen. But if it’s nectar they’re after, these bees have a tongue almost as long as their bodies.

Female Fork-Tailed Flower Bee (Photo by Nigel Jones athttps://www.flickr.com/photos/insectman/4800228092

One thing I’ve not been able to determine is why, exactly, this species is known as the ‘fork-tailed’ flower bee. I tried putting the query into Google, just to see what their AI engine would come up with, and here we go…

The fork-tailed flower bee is so named because it has a pair of tiny projections at the tip of its abdomen, which resemble a forkThese projections are more noticeable in females, especially when seen from the side. 

Such utter, utter tosh. Can you see any forks on either of these bees? A few red hairs for sure, but nothing fork-y. Let’s be careful about our sources of information, Peeps. This sounds like someone’s best guess, and I suppose that AI has never been programmed to say ‘I don’t know’.

Fork-tailed Flower Bee (Photo byBy Dick Belgers – Nederlands Soortenregister, CC BY 1.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=96675671)

 

 

5 Minutes in the Lavender….

Buff-tailed bumblebee

Hi Readers, I have, of course, decided on a new way to revise for my biology exam with just one day to go, which involves going through everything again. Hooray! But I did take literally five minutes to pop outside – the lavender is just opening, and so the bees have discovered it, along with a number of other ‘friends’, like this Rosemary beetle ( I get them every year and the lavender seems to be surviving, so fingers crossed.)

 

 

And then a few of my favourite ginger bees turned up – Common Carders. A bit faster than the bigger bumbles, but they have the longest flying season of all the common species. They’ll still be flying around in October if the weather holds. They seem particularly partial to the purple toadflax, which has self-seeded all over the garden.

And here’s a ladybird larva, a harlequin I suspect but still a spiky tiger as far as the blackfly are concerned

And then there’s this little bee, with its yellow face, shiny red ‘fur’ and whizzy nature. I am waiting for some help on what species s/he is, so will report back when I hear! And in the meantime, don’t forget to go outside for a walk. Guaranteed to help with whatever ails you.